Third Sector Glossary (A-Z)

  1. Accountability
    The obligation of an organisation to explain its actions, decisions, and use of resources to stakeholders, ensuring transparency and trust.
  2. Advocacy
    Activities aimed at influencing public policy, laws, and resource allocation decisions within political, economic, and social systems to support a specific cause or policy.
  3. Aid
    Assistance provided to those in need, including humanitarian aid, development aid, and emergency relief, often delivered by charities and NGOs.
  4. Altruism
    Selfless concern for the well-being of others, often driving charitable activities and volunteerism.
  5. Annual General Meeting (AGM)
    A yearly meeting of an organisation’s general membership, required by law or the organisation’s governing documents, to discuss the past year’s activities and future plans.
  6. Annual Report
    A comprehensive report on a charity’s activities and financial performance over the preceding year, providing transparency to stakeholders.
  7. Articles of Association
    Documents that specify the regulations for a charity’s operations and define its purpose, including the roles of trustees and the structure of the organisation.
  8. Asset Lock
    A legal clause that ensures the assets of a social enterprise are used for the benefit of the community and cannot be distributed to shareholders.
  9. Beneficiary
    A person or group that receives benefits from a charity, such as services, support, or financial aid.
  10. Board Member
    A person who jointly supervises the activities of an organisation, also known as a trustee or committee member, responsible for governance and strategic direction.
  11. Capacity Building
    Activities that improve an organisation’s ability to achieve its mission, such as training, resource development, and strategic planning.
  12. Charitable Incorporated Organisation (CIO)
    A legal form for a charity that is incorporated but not a company, providing limited liability for its members and a simpler regulatory framework.
  13. Charity Commission
    The regulator for charities in England and Wales, ensuring compliance with charity law and promoting public trust.
  14. Charity Test
    The legal set of requirements that an organisation must pass to become a charity and be entered in the Scottish Charity Register, demonstrating charitable purposes and public benefit.
  15. Community Interest Company (CIC)
    A type of company designed for social enterprises that use their profits and assets for the public good, regulated to ensure community benefit.
  16. Conflict of Interest
    A situation where a trustee has a personal interest that could interfere with their duty to act in the charity’s best interests, requiring disclosure and management.
  17. Constitution
    The governing document of an organisation detailing its purposes, rules, and decision-making structures, essential for legal and operational clarity.
  18. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
    Business practices involving initiatives that benefit society, often through partnerships with charities and community projects.
  19. Crowdfunding
    Raising small amounts of money from a large number of people, typically via the internet, to fund specific projects or causes.
  20. Donor
    An individual or organisation that gives money or resources to a charity, often motivated by altruism or social responsibility.
  21. Employability
    Employability is the combination of factors and processes which enable people to progress towards employment, to stay in employment and to progress in the workplace.
  22. Endowment
    A donation of money or property to a non-profit organisation, which uses the resulting investment income for a specific purpose, ensuring long-term financial stability.
  23. Ethical Investment
    Investing in companies that meet certain ethical guidelines, often related to social and environmental responsibility, aligning financial goals with values.
  24. Fundraising Plan
    A document that organises all fundraising activities over a certain period, including key dates, strategies, and communication schedules, essential for effective resource mobilisation.
  25. Gift Aid
    A UK government scheme that allows charities to claim back tax on donations made by UK taxpayers, increasing the value of donations at no extra cost to the donor.
  26. Governance
    The systems and processes concerned with ensuring the overall direction, effectiveness, supervision, and accountability of an organisation, critical for organisational success.
  27. Grant
    A sum of money given by an organisation, especially a government, for a particular purpose, often requiring detailed applications and reporting.
  28. Impact
    The measurable difference that a charity’s activities make to the beneficiaries or the community, demonstrating the effectiveness and value of its work.
  29. Impact Assessment
    The process of evaluating the effects of an organisation’s activities on its beneficiaries and the community, used to improve and demonstrate effectiveness.
  30. Legacy
    A gift left in a will to a charity, providing a significant source of funding and a way for donors to leave a lasting impact.
  31. Memorandum of Association
    A legal document required for the incorporation of a company, including a charity, outlining the organisation’s structure and purpose.
  32. Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO)
    An organisation that operates independently from the government, typically non-profit and involved in humanitarian or social activities.
  33. OSCR
    The Office of the Scottish Charity Regulator, which regulates charities in Scotland, ensuring compliance with charity law and promoting public trust.
  34. Philanthropy
    The desire to promote the welfare of others, typically expressed through the donation of money, resources, or time to charitable causes.
  35. Programme Evaluation
    The systematic assessment of the processes and outcomes of a programme, aimed at improving its effectiveness and informing future activities.
  36. Public Benefit
    The legal requirement that a charity must have purposes that benefit the public, ensuring that charitable activities provide tangible benefits to society.
  37. Reserves
    Funds set aside by a charity to ensure its financial stability and sustainability, providing a buffer against future uncertainties.
  38. SCIO (Scottish Charitable Incorporated Organisation)
    A legal form unique to Scotland, providing the benefits of incorporation and charitable status without the need to register as a company.
  39. Service User
    An individual who uses or benefits from the services provided by a charity or non-profit organisation, central to its mission and activities.
  40. Social Enterprise
    A business that trades for a social purpose, reinvesting profits into the community or the business itself to further its social aims, blending commercial and social goals.
  41. Social Impact
    The effect of an organisation’s activities on the well-being of the community, often measured to demonstrate the value and effectiveness of its work.
  42. SROI (Social Return on Investment)
    A framework for measuring and accounting for the value created by an organisation, considering social, environmental, and economic outcomes.
  43. Stakeholder
    Any individual or group that has an interest in the activities and outcomes of an organisation, including beneficiaries, donors, staff, and the community.
  44. Strategic Plan
    A document outlining an organisation’s long-term goals and the strategies to achieve them, guiding its direction and decision-making.
  45. Sustainability
    The ability of an organisation to maintain its operations and impact over the long term, ensuring ongoing benefit to the community.
  46. Theory of Change
    A comprehensive description and illustration of how and why a desired change is expected to happen in a particular context, used for planning and evaluation.
  47. Third Sector
    The segment of society that includes non-profit organisations, charities, and social enterprises, distinct from the public and private sectors.
  48. Transparency
    The practice of being open and honest about an organisation’s activities, decisions, and use of resources, essential for building trust and accountability.
  49. Trustee
    A person who has the responsibility for governing a charity and ensuring it is run in accordance with its purposes and the law, playing a critical role in its success.
  50. Volunteering
    Offering time and services for free to support a cause or organisation, providing essential support and building community engagement.
  51. Volunteer Management
    The process of recruiting, training, and supervising volunteers to ensure they are effectively contributing to the organisation’s goals, enhancing their experience and impact.